Overview
Syphilis screening usually begins with a nontreponemal test such as VDRL or RPR. Reactive results are confirmed with treponemal tests and interpreted with symptoms and history.
What it detects
Evidence of syphilis infection.
Sample type
Blood sample.
When it may be appropriate
Routine STI screening, ulcer or rash evaluation, pregnancy and partner diagnosis.
Window period considerations
May take several weeks after infection to become detectable.
Test limitations
Biological false positives and past treated infection can complicate interpretation.
Interpretation basics
Screening algorithms combine test types; clinical context determines next steps.
Follow-up recommendations
Confirm reactive results, assess stage and arrange treatment or follow-up.
Key points
- Uses multiple test types
- Timing affects detection
- False positives possible
- Stage guides treatment
When to seek care
- Routine STI screen
- Genital ulcer
- Unexplained rash