Overview
Chlamydia is a common bacterial STI caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. Many infections are asymptomatic, but it can cause discharge, pelvic pain and complications if untreated.
Causes and transmission
- Transmitted through sexual contact, including vaginal, anal and oral sex.
- Can be passed from mother to child during delivery.
How it is assessed
- NAAT on urine or swab samples detects chlamydia.
- Screening is recommended after relevant exposure even without symptoms.
Management considerations
- Antibiotic treatment under medical supervision.
- Avoid sexual activity until treatment completion and partner management as advised.
Prevention
- Condoms reduce risk.
- Regular screening for sexually active people at risk helps detect asymptomatic infection.
Key points
- Often asymptomatic
- Can cause pelvic inflammatory disease
- Testing is simple with NAAT
- Treatment is effective
When to seek care
- Unusual discharge
- Pelvic or testicular pain
- Routine screening after exposure