Condition guide

Epididymitis

Epididymitis overview, including STI-related causes.

Overview

Epididymitis is inflammation of the epididymis, often causing testicular pain and swelling. In younger men, STIs such as chlamydia and gonorrhea may be involved.

Causes and transmission

Bacterial infection ascending from urethra, sometimes STI-related.
Urinary pathogens may also be involved.

How it is assessed

Clinical examination and urine testing.
STI testing may be indicated.

Management considerations

Antibiotic treatment depends on likely cause.
Pain relief and follow-up may be needed.

Prevention

STI testing and treatment reduce risk.
Avoid untreated urethritis.

Key points

Causes testicular pain and swelling
STI may be a cause in younger men
Requires evaluation
Treatment depends on cause

When to seek care

Unilateral testicular pain
Swelling or tenderness
Discharge or urinary symptoms

Clear answers

Frequently asked questions

Is Epididymitis always sexually transmitted?

Not necessarily. Some conditions in this directory are STIs, while others are genital or reproductive health conditions that may be associated with sexual activity or have other causes. The page explains the distinction.

Can symptoms appear without an infection?

Yes. Skin irritation, anatomical variation, inflammation and non-infectious conditions can cause similar symptoms. Testing and examination are needed before assuming an STI.

When should I seek medical advice?

Seek prompt advice for new sores, discharge, pelvic or testicular pain, painful urination, fever or symptoms that worry you. Early assessment can prevent complications and clarify the cause.

Should my partner be involved?

For many STIs, partner evaluation may be recommended to prevent reinfection and support treatment. The need depends on the condition, timing and results.

Keep learning

Related guides

Chlamydia

Chlamydia symptoms, screening, treatment and prevention.

HIV

Human immunodeficiency virus infection, its testing, prevention and long-term care.

Syphilis

Syphilis overview covering stages, testing, treatment and prevention.

Primary Syphilis

The first stage of syphilis, typically marked by a painless chancre.

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